资源类型

期刊论文 9

年份

2023 3

2022 1

2021 1

2018 2

2016 2

关键词

三峡 1

中国 1

全衬砌船闸 1

农区草业 1

变顶高尾水洞 1

坝后背管 1

大孔口重力坝 1

政策建议 1

潜力 1

种植业结构调整 1

稳定拱 1

空间格局 1

粮食生产 1

耕地 1

展开 ︾

检索范围：

排序： 展示方式：

EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF MINERAL NITROGEN WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON NITROGEN LOSS FROM SLOPING CROPLAND

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 396-406 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022456

摘要：

● Interflow acts as the dominant pathway for N loss loadings.

关键词： improved fertilization regime     interflow     nitrogen forms     nitrogen leaching     purple soil     sloping cropland    

HTML PDF 收藏

MICROBIAL NECROMASS WITHIN AGGREGATES STABILIZES PHYSICALLY-PROTECTED C RESPONSE TO CROPLAND MANAGEMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 198-209 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023498

摘要：

● The contribution of fungal necromass C to SOC increased with aggregate sizes.

关键词： cropland management     microbial necromass     soil aggregates     soil carbon sequestration     soil organic matter    

HTML PDF 收藏

REGIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL NITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN DIVERSE CROPLAND OF A REPRESENTATIVE INTENSIVE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 530-540 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023515

摘要：

Soil nitrogen mineralization (Nmin) is a key process that converts organic N into mineral N that controls soil N availability to plants. However, regional assessments of soil Nmin in cropland and its affecting factors are lacking, especially in relation to variation in elevation. In this study, a 4-week incubation experiment was implemented to measure net soil Nmin rate, gross nitrification (Nit) rate and corresponding soil abiotic properties in five field soils (A–C, maize; D, flue-cured tobacco; and E, vegetables; with elevation decreasing from A to E) from different altitudes in a typical intensive agricultural area in Dali City, Yunnan Province, China. The results showed that soil Nmin rate ranged from 0.10 to 0.17 mg·kg−1·d−1 N, with the highest value observed in field E, followed by fields D, C, B, and A, which indicated that soil Nmin and Nit rates varied between fields, decreasing with elevation. The soil Nit rate ranged from 434.2 to 827.1 µg·kg−1·h−1 N, with the highest value determined in field D, followed by those in fields E, C, B, and A. The rates of soil Nmin and Nit were positively correlated with several key soil parameters, including total soil N, dissolved organic carbon and dissolved inorganic N across all fields, which indicated that soil variables regulated soil Nmin and Nit in cropland fields. In addition, a strong positive relationship was observed between soil Nmin and Nit. These findings provide a greater understanding of the response of soil Nmin among cropland fields related to spatial variation. It is suggested that the soil Nmin from cropland should be considered in the evaluation of the N transformations at the regional scale.

关键词： cropland     gross nitrification rate     regulatory factors     soil nitrogen mineralization     spatial variation    

HTML PDF 收藏

FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 593-606 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023522

摘要：

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Effective systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water quality. In this review, a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution control. The 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed, including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration. The 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in China. In the future, a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P transport. Additionally, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed, and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

关键词： 4R chain technology system     agricultural non-point source pollution     case study     full time-space governance strategy    

HTML PDF 收藏

三峡工程水工建筑物关键技术

钮新强

《工程（英文）》 2016年 第2卷 第3期   页码 340-349 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.006

摘要：

三峡工程是治理和开发长江的关键性骨干工程，是当今世界最大的水利枢纽工程。其工程规模和综合效益巨大，工程技术复杂，设计难度超出了世界已建水利水电工程，在工程设计研究过程中提出并运用了一系列新的设计理论和方法，攻克了多层大孔口泄水重力坝、巨型机组水电站、高水头大型连续多级船闸等重要水工建筑物的多项关键技术难题。

关键词： 三峡     大孔口重力坝     坝后背管     变顶高尾水洞     稳定拱     全衬砌船闸    

HTML PDF 收藏

INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM NEW YORK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED STATES

Alan FRANZLUEBBERS, Derek HUNT, Gary TELFORD, Shabtai BITTMAN, Quirine KETTERINGS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 81-96 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020365

摘要： Livestock production in the United States (US) and Canada is diverse, but shows a common trend in most livestock sectors toward fewer farms producing the majority of animal products despite a large number of farms still small in production scale. The migration to larger and more concentrated animal feeding operations in beef finishing and poultry, swine, and dairy production allows processors to streamline supplies to meet market demand for abundant, low-cost livestock products, whether that be for packaged meat, dairy products, or eggs. With concentration of livestock operations comes the challenge of managing manures. When sufficient land is available and nutrients are needed, livestock manure is an excellent nutrient source and land application is the preferred method of recycling this resource. However, when livestock production is constrained in a geographical area and animal densities are high, manure may become an environmental liability with potentially greater risk for runoff and leaching of nutrients, emission of odors, ammonia, and greenhouse gases, and release to the environment of pathogens and chemicals of emerging concern. Addressing these challenges now and into the future requires learning from mistakes and adopting successful approaches. We describe different levels of integration between livestock and crop producers in New York, British Columbia, and the south-eastern US as learning opportunities to improve economic and environmental sustainability. Examples show that effective solutions should recognize (1) manure has value and is not just a cost, (2) farmers, farm advisors, extension educators, nutrient management planners, crop advisors, nutritionists, state agency personnel, regulators, and university researchers need to be active participants in development of solutions, and (3) change to a sustainable future requires a combination of government regulation and outcome-based incentives.

关键词： cropland     dairy manure     nutrient cycling     pastureland     poultry manure     swine manure    

HTML PDF 收藏

种植业结构调整和草牧业发展潜力分析及政策建议

李向林,沈禹颖,万里强

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第1期   页码 94-105 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.012

摘要：

发展农区草牧业可促进牧草与粮食作物或经济作物在时间、空间上的耦合，提高农业资源的利用效率。目前我国农区草业的资源优势尚未得到有效发挥，其发展仍然受传统农业生产模式思想的束缚，政策上对其发展的扶持力度也较小。本文分析了农区草业发展的现状与潜力，并提出了相关的政策建议。

关键词： 种植业结构调整     农区草业     潜力     政策建议    

HTML PDF 收藏

Using balance of seasonal herbage supply and demand to inform sustainable grassland management on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Xinquan ZHAO, Liang ZHAO, Qi LI, Huai CHEN, Huakun ZHOU, Shixiao XU, Quanmin DONG, Gaolin WU, Yixin HE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018203

摘要： To mitigate the impacts of grassland degradation on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP), in recent decades China has been implementing large-scale conservation programs and has invested about 42 billion CNY (7 billion USD). However, these programs are faced with major challenges involving trade-offs between ecological function, livestock production and income of pastoralists. Scientific assessments, as well as technical and policy issues, have not fully captured the complex ecological, social and economic dynamics of the challenges facing grassland management on the QTP. Pastoral livestock production on the QTP is characterized by imbalance in both quality and quantity between livestock seasonal nutrient requirements and herbage production, which forces pastoralists to keep larger numbers of livestock for longer periods, leading to overgrazing. To solve these problems, an integrated crop-livestock system is promoted to improve the efficiency of livestock production and conserve natural grassland as well for a sustainable system for the QTP.

关键词： ecosystem function     grassland degradation     grassland management     integrated rangeland-cropland-livestock production system     Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau    

HTML PDF 收藏

中国耕地空间格局变化对粮食生产的影响

李圆圆, 谈明洪, 张红旗

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第5期   页码 90-95 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.014

摘要：

耕地是粮食生产的基础，近几十年来中国耕地空间格局变化显著，对粮食生产造成一定影响。本研究以1990 年、2000 年、2010 年土地覆被数据为基础，探究耕地空间格局变化，并基于县级农业统计数据和土壤有机质数据得到空间分辨率为1 km的耕地单产数据集，以此作为耕地粮食生产力的代表值。结果表明：1990—2010 年，东北、西北地区耕地开垦剧烈，黄淮海平原耕地面积下降；研究期内新增耕地的主要来源是草地（46.9%），减少的耕地前10 年主要转为林地（36.6%），后10 年转为建设用地（53.0%）；耕地的空间格局变化造成平均粮食生产力下降2.0%，在此期间建设用地多占用优质耕地，而新开垦的耕地粮食生产力普遍较低。

关键词： 耕地     空间格局     粮食生产     中国    

HTML PDF 收藏

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF MINERAL NITROGEN WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON NITROGEN LOSS FROM SLOPING CROPLAND

期刊论文

MICROBIAL NECROMASS WITHIN AGGREGATES STABILIZES PHYSICALLY-PROTECTED C RESPONSE TO CROPLAND MANAGEMENT

期刊论文

REGIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL NITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN DIVERSE CROPLAND OF A REPRESENTATIVE INTENSIVE

期刊论文

FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

期刊论文

三峡工程水工建筑物关键技术

钮新强

期刊论文

INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM NEW YORK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED STATES

Alan FRANZLUEBBERS, Derek HUNT, Gary TELFORD, Shabtai BITTMAN, Quirine KETTERINGS

期刊论文

种植业结构调整和草牧业发展潜力分析及政策建议

李向林,沈禹颖,万里强

期刊论文

Using balance of seasonal herbage supply and demand to inform sustainable grassland management on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Xinquan ZHAO, Liang ZHAO, Qi LI, Huai CHEN, Huakun ZHOU, Shixiao XU, Quanmin DONG, Gaolin WU, Yixin HE

期刊论文

中国耕地空间格局变化对粮食生产的影响

李圆圆, 谈明洪, 张红旗

期刊论文